104 Human Body Version 2.0 Moreover, all of the underlying technologies are accelerating. The power of computation has grown at a double exponen- tial rate for all of the past century, and will continue to do so well into this century through the power of three-dimen- sional computing. Communication bandwidths and the pace of brain reverse-engineering are also quickening. Meanwhile, according to my models, the size of technology is shrinking at a rate of 5.6 per linear dimension per decade, which will make nanotechnology ubiquitous during the 2020’s. By the end of this decade, computing will disappear as a separate technology that we need to carry with us. We’ll rou- tinely have high-resolution images encompassing the entire visual field written directly to our retinas from our eyeglasses and contact lenses (the Department of Defense is already using technology along these lines from Microvision, a company based in Bothell, Washington). We’ll have very-high-speed wireless connection to the Internet at all times. The electron- ics for all of this will be embedded in our clothing. Circa 2010, these very personal computers will enable us to meet with each other in full-immersion, visual-auditory, virtual-reality envi- ronments as well as augment our vision with location- and time-specific information at all times. By  2030,  electronics  will  utilize  molecule-sized  circuits, the reverse-engineering of the human brain will have been completed, and bioMEMS will have evolved into bioNEMS (biological  nanoelectromechanical  systems).  It  will  be  rou- tine practice to have billions of nanobots (nano-scale robots) coursing through the capillaries of our brains, communicating with each other (over a wireless local area network), as well as with our biological neurons and with the Internet. One application will be to provide full-immersion virtual reality that encompasses all of our senses. When we want to enter a virtual-reality environment, the nanobots will replace the sig-